Casharkaan, waxaan baran doonaa sida loo abuuro faylkaaga HTML ugu horreeya, sida loo qoro qaab-dhismeedka aasaasiga ah, iyo sida loo furaa boggaas adiga oo isticmaalaya biraawsarka (browser).
1. Sameynta Faylka HTML
Si aad u bilowdo, waxaad u baahan tahay qalabka qoraalka (Text Editor) sida VS Code, Notepad++, ama xataa Notepad-ka caadiga ah ee Windows.
Tallaabooyinka:
- Fur editor-kaaga.
- Samey fayl cusub.
- Markaad keydinayso (Save), hubi in magacu ku dhammaado
.html.- Tusaale:
index.htmlamamy-first-page.html.
- Tusaale:
Muhiim: .html waa “extension” uu biraawsarku ku garto in faylkani yahay bog internet.
2. Qaab-dhismeedka Aasaasiga ah ee HTML
Bog kasta oo HTML ah wuxuu u baahan yahay qaab-dhismeed gaar ah si uu u shaqeeyo. Halkan waxaa ah koodka aasaasiga ah:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="so">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Boggayga Ugu Horreeya</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Ku soo dhawaada mareegtayda!</h1>
<p>Kani waa boggaygii ugu horreeyay ee HTML.</p>
</body>
</html>Sharaxaadda Curiyayaasha (Tags):
<!DOCTYPE html>: Tani waxay u sheegtaa biraawsarka in faylkani yahay nooca ugu dambeeya ee HTML (HTML5).<html>: Waa curiyaha ugu weyn (root element) ee dhammaan bogga ka kooban yahay. Sifadalang="so"waxay sheegaysaa in luqadda boggu tahay Somaliga.<head>: Qaybtani waxay ka kooban tahay macluumaad ku saabsan bogga (metadata) oo aan si toos ah looga arkayn shaashada, laakiin ay muhiim u yihiin biraawsarka iyo matoorada raadinta.<meta charset="UTF-8">: Tani waxay hubisaa in dhammaan xarfaha iyo astaamaha luqadaha dunida (oo uu ku jirto Somaliguna) si sax ah loogu soo bandhigo.<title>: Waa cinwaanka bogga ee ka soo muuqda tab-ka sare ee biraawsarka.<body>: Waa qaybta ugu muhiimsan ee bogga. Wax kasta oo aad halkan ku qorto (qoraal, sawir, muuqaal) ayaa si toos ah looga arkayaa shaashada qofka booqanaya mareegta.
3. Sida loo furo boggaaga
Markaad koodka sare qorto oo aad keydiso (Save), waxaad haysataa labo hab oo aad ku arki karto:
- Double-Click: Tag faylkii aad keydisay, ka dibna laba jeer riix (double-click). Biraawsarkaaga ayaa si toos ah u furi doona.
- Drag and Drop: Fur biraawsarkaaga (sida Chrome), ka dibna faylka HTML-ka ah soo jiid oo ku rid gudaha biraawsarka.
Layli (Practice)
Isku day inaad samayso waxyaabahan soo socda:
- Samey fayl la yiraahdo
index.html. - Ku qor qaab-dhismeedka aasaasiga ah ee sare.
- Beddel
<title>-ka oo ku qor magacaaga. - Gudaha
<body>, ku dar cinwaan<h1>oo ah “Kalsooni iyo Koboc” iyo cutub<p>oo aad ku qorto wax yar oo aad rabto inaad barato. - Keydi faylka, ka dibna ku fur biraawsarka.
Sii wadashada: Casharka xigta, waxaan baran doonaa sida loo isticmaalo qoraallada iyo cinwaannada si loo abuuro nuxur habaysan!