Casharkaan waxaan baranayaa laba shay oo fudud laakiin muhiim ah: faallada HTML iyo astaamaha gaarka ah.
Faallada HTML
Faalladani waa qoraal aad ku qorto koodka HTML-kaaga si aad xusuus ugu qabato ama sharax ugu samayso — browser-ku ma soo muujinayaan.
Qaab-dhismeedka
<!-- Faalladaan browser-ka ka soo muuqan maayo -->Wax kasta oo u dhexeeya <!-- iyo --> waa faallo.
Tusaale
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Faallada</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- Cinwaanka bogga -->
<h1>Ku soo dhawoow Ereyle</h1>
<!-- Qaybtan waad bedeli kartaa markii dambe -->
<p>Waxaan baran doonaa HTML-ka si xiriir ah.</p>
<!-- Koodkan hoos waa la joojiyay si ku-meel-gaaryeed ah:
<p>Koodkaan aan la isticmaalin hadda</p>
-->
</body>
</html>Goorta la isticmaalo faallada
- Sharax — Shax koodkaaga si dadka kale (ama adiga mustaqbalka) u fahmi karaan
- Joojin ku-meel-gaaryeed — Ku dar
<!--horteed-->dambeedna si aadan u tirtirin laakiin aad uga baxdo - Qaab-dhismeedka — Calaamad u samee meesha qaybaha kala duwan ee boggu bilaabmaan
<!-- ==================== CINWAANKA ==================== -->
<header>
<h1>Ereyle</h1>
</header>
<!-- ==================== NAV ==================== -->
<nav>
<a href="/">Hoyga</a>
</nav>
<!-- ==================== NUXURKA ==================== -->
<main>
<p>Nuxurka halkan</p>
</main>Astaamaha Gaarka ah (Special Characters)
Waxaa jira xarafyo aan si toos ah loogu gelin karin HTML-ka sababtoo ah waxay la mid yihiin xarafyada HTML-ka laftiisa (sida < iyo >).
Xarafyadaas waxaa loo baddalaa HTML entities — waxay bilaabmaan & oo ku dhammaanaan ;.
Astaamaha Ugu Muhiimsan
| Astaanta | Entity Code | Sharaxaad |
|---|---|---|
< | < | Less than — xaga-gudi |
> | > | Greater than — xaga-baxsan |
& | & | Ampersand |
" | " | Kolmo laba |
' | ' | Kolmo hal |
(banaan) | | Non-breaking space |
| © | © | Xuquuqda daabacaadda |
| ® | ® | Calaamadda isdiiwaangelinta |
| ™ | ™ | Calaamadda ganacsiga |
| ¼ | ¼ | Rubuc |
| ½ | ½ | Bar |
| ¾ | ¾ | Saddex rubuc |
| ÷ | ÷ | Qaybin |
| × | × | Ku dhufasho |
| ≤ | ≤ | Ka yar ama la mid |
| ≥ | ≥ | Ka weyn ama la mid |
| € | € | Euro |
| £ | £ | Paawund |
Sababta < iyo > Muhiim u Tahay
Haddaad rabto in aad koodka HTML ku tuso webpage-ka (sida casharka), waa in aad isticmaasho entities:
<!-- KHALAD — browser-ku wuxuu u arki doonaa unug HTML -->
<p>Unugga <img> waa wuxuu soo muujiyaa sawirrada</p>
<!-- SAXAN — entity codes -->
<p>Unugga <img> waa wuxuu soo muujiyaa sawirrada</p> — Non-Breaking Space
Banaan caadi ah HTML-ka wuxuu dhaammaan doonaa hal banaan. Haddaad rabto banaan dheeraad ah:
<p>Magac Familada</p>
<!-- Waxay muujiyaan saddex banaan kala-sooc ah -->
<!-- Sidoo kale waxaa loo isticmaalaa si laba erey aan u socdaan kala duwan -->
<p>Ereyle Learning</p>Tusaale Dhamaystiran
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Astaamaha Gaarka ah</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Astaamaha Gaarka ah</h1>
<!-- Xuquuqda daabacaadda -->
<p>Buuggan © 2025 Cabdulwaaxid Axmed Cali. Dhammaan xuquuqaha way xidantahay ®</p>
<!-- Xisaabta -->
<h2>Xisaabta</h2>
<p>5 ÷ 2 = 2.5</p>
<p>4 × 3 = 12</p>
<p>Haddii x ≤ 10, waa mid yar</p>
<p>Haddii x ≥ 100, waa mid weyn</p>
<!-- Jajabka -->
<h2>Jajabka</h2>
<p>Waaxyadii kala ahaa: ¼, ½, ¾</p>
<!-- Muujinta koodka HTML -->
<h2>Sida Koodka HTML loo Tuso</h2>
<p>Tusaale: Unugga <h1> waa cinwaanka ugu weyn.</p>
<p>Unugga <a href="url"> waa link-ga.</p>
<!-- Lacagta -->
<h2>Qiimaha</h2>
<p>Koorsooyinka: $0 – ∞ (bilaash)</p>
</body>
</html>Koobid
<!-- qoraal -->— Faallo HTML — browser-ku ma soo muujinayo<iyo>—<iyo>— muhiim marka koodka la tusiyo&—&— isticmaal entities-ka dhexdooda — banaan dheeraad ah©,®,™— astaamaha xuquuqda- Dhammaan entities waa in ay ku dhammaadaan
;
Casharka xigta: Waxaan baranayaa unugyada Div iyo Span — sida qaybo loo kooxeeyo.